Download This Version in Microsoft Word format
AS PASSED BY THE SENATE
May 23, 2002
H. 3756
S. Printed 5/23/02--S.
Read the first time April 10, 2001.
TO AMEND SECTION 20-7-420, AS AMENDED, CODE OF LAWS OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1976, RELATING TO FAMILY COURT JURISDICTION, SO AS TO PROVIDE THAT FAMILY COURT HAS EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION TO HEAR AND DETERMINE MATTERS RELATING TO THE VALIDITY OF PREMARITAL AGREEMENTS AND THE EFFECT OF THESE AGREEMENTS ON ISSUES OTHERWISE WITHIN FAMILY COURT JURISDICTION.
Amend Title To Conform
Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina:
SECTION 1. Section 20-7-420 of the 1976 Code, as last amended by Act 104 of 1999, is further amended by adding an appropriately numbered subsection to read:
"( ) To hear and determine matters relating to the validity of antenuptial agreements and the effect of antenuptial agreements on issues otherwise within this court's jurisdiction."
SECTION 2. Section 20-7-420(37) of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"(37) To appoint guardians ad litem and determine their compensation, fees, and costs and to assess as compensation, fees, and costs against the person represented by the guardian ad litem or against any other person or party involved in the action in actions pertaining to custody or visitation pursuant to Section 20-7-1533."
SECTION 3. Article 11, Chapter 7, Title 20 of the 1976 Code is amended by adding:
Section 20-7-1533. (A) In an action before the family court in which custody or visitation is an issue, the court may appoint a guardian ad litem under the following circumstances:
(1) the court would not be fully informed about the facts of the case without the aid of a guardian ad litem;
(2) there is a substantial dispute between the parties which necessitates the use of a guardian ad litem; or
(3) both parties consent to the appointment of a guardian ad litem who is subsequently approved by the court.
(B) The court has absolute discretion in determining who will be appointed as a guardian ad litem in each case. A guardian ad litem must be appointed to a case by a court order.
Section 20-7-1535. (A) A guardian ad litem may be either an attorney or a layperson. A person must not be appointed as a guardian ad litem pursuant to Section 20-7-1533 unless he possesses the following qualifications:
(1) a guardian ad litem must be twenty-five years of age or older;
(2) a guardian ad litem must possess a high school diploma or its equivalent;
(3) for initial qualification, an attorney guardian ad litem must have completed a minimum of six hours of family law continuing legal education credit in the areas of custody and visitation;
(4) for initial qualification, a lay guardian ad litem must have completed a minimum of nine hours of continuing education in the areas of custody and visitation and three hours of continuing education related to substantive law and procedure in family court. The courses must be approved by the Supreme Court Commission on Continuing Legal Education and Specialization;
(5) a lay guardian ad litem must observe three contested custody merits hearings prior to serving as a guardian ad litem. If a case settles before the contested merits hearing concludes, the requirements of this section are met if the plaintiff concludes his case before settlement; and
(6) attorney guardians ad litem and lay guardians ad litem must complete annually the same type of continuing education courses and the same number of continuing education hours that initially qualified them to be a guardian ad litem.
(B) No person may be appointed as a guardian ad litem pursuant to Section 20-7-1533 if he has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to a crime of moral turpitude, a crime classified as a felony pursuant to Chapter 1 of Title 16, criminal domestic violence, or the common law offense of assault and battery of a high and aggravated nature.
(C) No person may be appointed as a guardian ad litem pursuant to Section 20-7-1533 if he is or has ever been on the Department of Social Services Central Registry of Abuse and Neglect.
(D) Upon appointment to a case, a guardian ad litem must provide an affidavit to the court and to the parties attesting to compliance with the statutory qualifications. The affidavit must include, but is not limited to, the following:
(1) a statement affirming that the guardian ad litem does not have a relationship with any party or any party's attorney pursuant to the requirements of Section 20-7-1548, or if the guardian ad litem does have a relationship with any party or any party's attorney, the guardian ad litem must provide a statement disclosing the nature, duration, and extent of the relationship pursuant to the requirements of Section 20-7-1548;
(2) a statement affirming that the guardian ad litem has completed the training requirements provided for in subsection (A);
(3) a statement affirming that the guardian ad litem has not been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to a crime of moral turpitude, a crime classified as a felony pursuant to Chapter 1 of Title 16, criminal domestic violence, or the common law offense of assault and battery of a high and aggravated nature; and
(4) a statement affirming that the guardian ad litem is not nor has ever been on the Department of Social Services Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect pursuant to Section 20-7-650.
(E) The court may appoint an attorney for a lay guardian ad litem. A party or the guardian ad litem may petition the court by motion for the appointment of an attorney for the guardian ad litem. This appointment may be by consent order. The order appointing the attorney must set forth the reasons for the appointment and must establish a method for compensating the attorney.
Section 20-7-1540. The responsibilities and duties of a guardian ad litem are as follows:
(1) represent the best interest of the child;
(2) conduct an independent, balanced, and impartial investigation to determine the facts relevant to the situation of the child and the family. An investigation must include, but is not limited to:
(i) reviewing relevant documents, except that a guardian ad litem must not be compensated for reviewing documents related solely to financial matters not relevant to the suitability of the parents as to custody or visitation;
(ii) meeting with and observing the child in the home setting on at least one occasion;
(iii) interviewing parents, caregivers, school officials, law enforcement, and others with knowledge relevant to the case;
(iv) reviewing the child's school records and medical records, if the guardian ad litem considers it necessary;
(v) obtaining the criminal history of each party and, when determined necessary by the guardian ad litem, obtaining the criminal history of a witness; and
(vi) considering the wishes of the child, if appropriate;
(3) advocate for the child's best interest by making specific and clear suggestions, when necessary, for evaluation, services, and treatment for the child and the child's family. Evaluations or other services suggested by the guardian ad litem must not be ordered by the court, except upon proper review by the court;
(4) attend all court hearings related to custody and visitation issues, except when attendance is excused by the court or the absence is stipulated by both parties. A guardian ad litem must not be compensated for attending a hearing related solely to a financial matter if the matter is not relevant to the suitability of the parents as to custody or visitation. The guardian ad litem must provide accurate, current information directly to the court. During a guardian ad litem's testimony, the guardian ad litem must not comment on the presence of any person in the courtroom unless the person is a witness in the case and the comment relates to the person's testimony or relationship to the child;
(5) maintain a complete file, including notes. A guardian ad litem's notes are his work product and are not subject to subpoena; and
(6) present to the court and all parties clear and comprehensive written reports including, but not limited to, a final written report regarding the child's best interest. The final written report may contain conclusions based upon the facts contained in the report. The final written report must be submitted to the court and all parties no later than thirty days prior to the merits hearing, unless that time period is modified by the court, but in no event later than ten days prior to the merits hearing. The ten-day requirement for the submission of the final written report may only be waived by mutual consent of both parties. The final written report must not include a recommendation concerning which party should be awarded custody; nor may the guardian ad litem make a recommendation as to the issue of custody at the merits hearing unless requested by the court for reasons specifically set forth on the record. The guardian ad litem is subject to cross-examination on the facts and conclusions contained in the final written report. The final written report must include the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of those interviewed during the investigation.
Section 20-7-1543. A guardian ad litem must not mediate, attempt to mediate, or act as a mediator in a case to which he has been appointed unless the guardian ad litem has been trained and certified pursuant to the rules of the circuit court and family court as to arbitration and mediation promulgated by the South Carolina Supreme Court by order dated January 31, 1995.
Section 20-7-1545. (A) At the time of appointment of a guardian ad litem, the family court judge must set forth the method and rate of compensation for the guardian ad litem, including an initial authorization of a fee based on the facts of the case. The guardian ad litem must not charge the parties a fee exceeding the amount authorized by the judge at the time of appointment. If the guardian ad litem determines that it is necessary to exceed the fee initially authorized by the judge, the guardian ad litem must provide notice to both parties and obtain the judge's written authorization to charge more than the initially authorized fee.
(B) A guardian ad litem appointed by the court is entitled to reasonable compensation, subject to the review and approval of the court. In determining the reasonableness of the fees and costs, the court must take into account:
(1) the complexity of the issues before the court;
(2) the contentiousness of the litigation;
(3) the time expended by the guardian ad litem;
(4) the expenses reasonably incurred by the guardian ad litem;
(5) the financial ability of each party to pay fees and costs; and
(6) any other factors the court considers necessary.
(C) The guardian ad litem must submit a monthly, itemized billing statement of hours, expenses, costs, and fees to the parties and their attorneys.
(D) At any time during the action, a party may petition the court to review the reasonableness of the fees and costs submitted by the guardian ad litem or the attorney for the guardian ad litem.
Section 20-7-1548. A guardian ad litem appointed pursuant to Section 20-7-1533 must, upon notice of the appointment, provide written disclosure to each party of the nature, duration, and extent of any relationship the guardian ad litem or any member of the guardian ad litem's immediate family residing in the guardian ad litem's household has with all parties and their attorneys in the case. The guardian ad litem must disclose any membership or participation in any organization related to child abuse, domestic violence, or drug and alcohol abuse.
Section 20-7-1550. A guardian ad litem may be removed from a case at the discretion of the court for good cause shown. 'Good cause' includes, but is not limited to, the failure to disclose to the parties any relationship the guardian ad litem or any member of the guardian ad litem's immediate family residing in the guardian ad litem's household has with all parties and attorneys in the case."
SECTION 4. The provisions relating to guardians ad litem take effect six months after the Governor's signature and apply to a guardian ad litem appointed in a custody case on or after the effective date.
SECTION 5. The repeal or amendment by this act of any law, whether temporary or permanent or civil or criminal, does not affect pending actions, rights, duties, or liabilities founded thereon, or alter, discharge, release, or extinguish any penalty, forfeiture, or liability incurred under the repealed or amended law, unless the repealed or amended provision so expressly provides. After the effective date of this act, all laws repealed or amended by this act must be taken and treated as remaining in full force and effect for the purpose of sustaining any pending or vested right, civil action, special proceeding, criminal prosecution, or appeal existing as of the effective date of this act, and for the enforcement of rights, duties, penalties, forfeitures, and liabilities as they stood under the repealed or amended laws.
SECTION 6. A. Section 8-21-310 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 8-21-310. Except as otherwise expressly provided, the following fees and costs must be collected on a uniform basis in each county by clerks of court and registers of deeds or county treasurers as may be determined by the governing body of the county:
(1) for recording a deed to or a mortgage on real estate, ten fifteen dollars; and an additional one dollar a page for any deed or mortgage containing more than four pages; for entry of a deed or mortgage that covers both real estate and personal property in the indexes for both real and personal property conveyances or mortgages, one dollar additional;
(2) for recording a chattel mortgage, conditional sale contract, lease or contract of sale of personal property, and any other document required to be recorded under the Uniform Commercial Code (Title 36), the fees provided in Title 36;
(3) for recording an instrument which assigns, transfers, or affects a single real estate mortgage or other instrument affecting title to real property or lien for the payment of money, unless it is part of the original instrument when initially filed, six twelve dollars; and if the instrument assigns, transfers, or affects more than one real estate mortgage, instrument, or lien, six twelve dollars for each mortgage, instrument, or lien assigned, transferred, or affected and referred to in the instrument and an additional one dollar for each page for any instrument exceeding one page;
(4) for recording any lease, contract of sale, trust indenture, or other document affecting title or possession of real property not otherwise provided for in this section, ten fifteen dollars, and an additional one dollar a page for a document containing more than four pages;
(5) for recording satisfaction on the record of a mortgage of real estate or a chattel mortgage or other recorded lien, and certifying the entry on the original or a copy, five ten dollars;
(6) for recording separate probates, affidavits, or certificates which are not part of or attached to another document to be recorded, five ten dollars;
(7) for recording a plat larger than eight and one-half by fourteen inches, ten fifteen dollars; for plats of 'legal size' dimensions, or smaller, five ten dollars;
(8) for recording decree of foreclosure or partition of real property in mortgage book or deed book, the same fee as for recording deed or mortgage of real estate;
(9) for recording any other paper affecting title or possession of real estate or personal property and required by law to be recorded, except judicial records, ten fifteen dollars, and an additional one dollar a page for a document containing more than four pages;
(10) for filing power of attorney, trustee qualification, or other appointment, ten fifteen dollars, and an additional one dollar a page for a document containing more than four pages;
(11)(a) For filing first complaint or petition, including application for a remedial and prerogative writ and bond on attachment or other bond, in a civil action or proceeding, in a court of record, seventy one hundred dollars. There is no further fee for filing an amended or supplemental complaint or petition nor for filing any other paper in the same action or proceeding. An original application for postconviction relief may be filed without fee upon permission of the court to which the application is addressed. There is no further fee for entering and filing a verdict, judgment, final decree, or order of dismissal, and enrolling a judgment thereon, for signing, sealing, and issuance of execution, or for entering satisfaction or partial satisfaction on a judgment.
(b) for filing, recording, and indexing Lis Pendens when not accompanied by summons and complaint, five ten dollars;
(c) for receiving and enrolling transcripts of judgment from magistrates' courts and federal district courts, five ten dollars;
(d) for filing and enrolling a judgment by confession, five ten dollars;
(12) no fee may be charged to a defendant or respondent for filing an answer, return, or other papers in any civil action or proceeding, in a court of record;
(13) for taking and filing an order for bail with or without bond, one dollar; with bond when surety must be justified, five ten dollars;
(14) for taking and filing bond or security costs, one dollar; with bond when surety must be justified, five ten dollars;
(15) for filing or recording any commission of notary public or other public office, license or permit to practice any profession or trade, notice of formation or dissolution of any partnership, two five dollars;
(16) for filing the charter of any public or private corporation or association required by law to be recorded, ten dollars, and an additional one dollar a page for any such document containing more than four pages;
(17) for issuing an official certificate under seal of court not otherwise specified in this section, one dollar;
(18) for holding a hearing for condemnation proceedings, twenty-five dollars a day;
(19) for filing notice of discharge in bankruptcy, ten fifteen dollars;
(20) for filing and enrolling and satisfaction of South Carolina and United States Government tax liens:
(a) for filing and enrolling and satisfying executions or warrants for distraint for the South Carolina Employment Security Commission, the South Carolina Department of Revenue, or any other state agency, where costs of the executions or warrants for distraint are chargeable to the persons against whom such executions or warrants for distraint are issued, five ten dollars;
(b) for filing and enrolling and satisfying any tax lien of any agency of the United States Government, where the costs of the executions are chargeable to the persons against whom such executions are issued, five ten dollars.
(21) for filing and processing an order for the Destruction of Arrest Records, thirty-five dollars, which fee must be for each order regardless of the number of cases contained in the order. The fee under the provisions of this item does not apply to cases where the defendant is found not guilty or where the underlying charge is dismissed or nol prossed unless that dismissal or nol prosse is the result of successful completion of a pretrial intervention program.
(22) for filing, indexing, enrolling, and entering a foreign judgment and an affidavit pursuant to Article 11, Chapter 35, Title 15 of the 1976 Code, fifty-five one hundred dollars.
The clerk shall mark satisfied upon receipt of the fees provided in this item any tax lien or warrant for distraint issued by any agency of this State or of the United States upon receipt of a certificate duly signed by an authorized officer of any agency of this State or the United States to the effect that the execution or warrant for distraint has been paid and satisfied."
B. The 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Section 8-21-320. There is assessed for every motion made in the court of common pleas and family court a fee of twenty-five dollars. The fee must accompany each motion filed. The Supreme Court has authority to issue administrative rules to exempt from the motion fee certain family court matters involving rules to show cause in child and spousal support matters and motions filed by indigent persons. The revenue from this fee must be collected by the clerk of court in each court and remitted to the State Treasurer and credited to a separate Judicial Department Support Fund for the exclusive use of the Judicial Department. The Supreme Court may waive the filing fee imposed by imposed by this section upon a proper showing of indigency."
C. The 1976 Code is amended by adding:
"Section 14-1-203. The revenue from the fee set in Section 20-7-1440(C) must be remitted to the county in which the proceeding is instituted. Forty-four percent of the revenues must be remitted monthly by the fifteenth day of each month to the State Treasurer on forms in a manner prescribed by him. When payment is made to the county in installments, the state's portion must be remitted to the State Treasurer by the county treasurer on a monthly basis. The forty-four percent remitted to the State Treasurer must be deposited as follows:
(1) 43.76 percent to the general fund;
(2) 10.04 percent to the Department of Mental Health to be used exclusively for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts within the department's addiction center facilities;
(3) 6.20 percent to the State Office of Victim Assistance under the South Carolina Victim's Compensation Fund; and
(4) 40.00 percent to the South Carolina Judicial Department."
D. Section 14-1-204 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 14-1-204. The seventy one hundred dollar filing fee for documents and actions described in Section 8-21-310(11)(a) must be remitted to the county in which the proceeding is instituted, and fifty-six percent of these filing fee revenues must be delivered to the county treasurer to be remitted monthly by the fifteenth day of each month to the State Treasurer. When a payment is made to the county in installments, the state's portion must be remitted to the State Treasurer by the county treasurer on a monthly basis.
The fifty-six percent of the seventy one hundred dollar fee prescribed in Section 8-21-310(11)(a) remitted to the State Treasurer must be deposited as follows:
(1) 45.03 31.52 percent to the state general fund;
(2) 10.33 7.23 percent to the Department of Mental Health to be used exclusively for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug addicts within the department's addiction center facilities;
(3) 6.38 4.47 percent to the State Office of Victim Assistance under the South Carolina Victim's Compensation Fund; and
(4) 38.26 26.78 percent to the Defense of Indigents Per Capita Fund, administered by the Commission on Indigent Defense, which shall then shall distribute these funds on December thirty-first and on June thirtieth of each year to South Carolina organizations that are grantees of the Legal Services Corporation, in amounts proportionate to each recipient's share of the state's poverty population; and
(5) 30.00 percent to the South Carolina Judicial Department."
E. Section 20-7-1440(C) of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"(C) In actions for support for the spouse or dependent children, when paid through the court or through a centralized wage withholding system operated by the Department of Social Services and not directly, the court shall assess costs against the party required to pay the support in the amount of three five percent of the support paid, which costs must be in addition to the support money paid. The revenue from the costs must be remitted as provided in Section 14-1-203."
F. Section 36-9-525(a) of the 1976 Code, as added by Act 67 of 2001, is further amended to read:
"(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), the fee for filing and indexing a record under this part, other than an initial financing statement of the kind described in subsection (b), is the amount specified in subsection (c), if applicable, plus:
(1) eight dollars if the record is communicated in writing and consists of one or two pages;
(2) ten dollars if the record is communicated in writing and consists of more than two pages; and
(3) ten dollars if the record is communicated by another medium authorized by filing-office rule
two dollars for the first page and one dollar for each additional page."
G. Section 38-53-70 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 38-53-70. If a defendant fails to appear at a court proceeding to which he has been summoned, the court must shall issue a bench warrant for the defendant. If the surety fails to surrender the defendant or place a hold on the defendant's release from incarceration, commitment, or institutionalization within thirty days of the issuance of the bench warrant, the bond shall must be forfeited. At any time before execution is issued on a judgment of forfeiture against a defendant or his surety, the court may direct that the judgment be remitted in whole or in part, upon conditions as the court may impose, if it appears that justice requires the remission of part or all of the judgment. In making a determination as to remission of the judgment, the court shall consider the costs to the State or any county or municipality resulting from the necessity to continue or terminate the defendant's trial and the efforts of law enforcement officers or agencies to locate the defendant. The court in its discretion may permit the surety to pay the estreatment in installments for a period of up to six months; however, the surety shall pay a handling fee to the court in an amount equal to four percent of the value of the bond. If at any time during the period in which installments are to be paid the defendant is surrendered to the appropriate detention facility and the surety complies with the re-commitment procedures, the surety shall be is relieved of any further liability."
SECTION 7. Section 20-7-510 of the 1976 Code, as amended by Act 81 of 2001, is further amended by adding appropriately numbered new subsections to read:
"( ) When a report is referred to the department for an investigation or other response, the department must determine whether previous reports have been made regarding the same child or the same subject of the report. In determining whether previous reports have been made, the department must determine whether there are any suspected, indicated, or unfounded reports maintained pursuant to Section 20-7-650 regarding the same child or the same subject of the report.
( ) If the department does not conduct an investigation as a result of information received pursuant to this section, the department must make a record of the information and must classify the record as a Category III unfounded report in accordance with Section 20-7-650. The department and law enforcement are authorized to use information recorded pursuant to this subsection for purposes of assessing risk and safety if additional contacts are made concerning the child, the family, or the subject of the report."
SECTION 8. Section 20-7-650 of the 1976 Code, as amended by Act 104 of 1999, is further amended to read:
"Section 20-7-650. (A) It is the purpose of this section to encourage the voluntary acceptance of any service offered by the department in connection with child abuse and neglect or another problem of a nature affecting the stability of family life.
(B) The department must be staffed adequately with persons trained in the investigation of suspected child abuse and neglect and in the provision of services to abused and neglected children and their families.
(C) Within twenty-four hours of the receipt of a report of suspected child abuse or neglect or within twenty-four hours after the department has assumed legal custody of a child pursuant to Section 20-7-610(F) or (G) or within twenty-four hours after being notified that a child has been taken into emergency protective custody, the department must begin an appropriate and thorough investigation to determine whether a report of suspected child abuse or neglect is 'indicated' or 'unfounded'. The finding must be made no later than forty-five days from the receipt of the report. A single extension of no more than fifteen days may be granted by the director of the department, or the director's designee, for good cause shown, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the department. If the investigation cannot be completed because the department is unable to locate the child or family or for other compelling reason, the report may be classified as unfounded Category II and the investigation may be reopened at a later date if the child or family is located or the compelling reason for failure to complete the investigation is removed. The department shall must make a finding within forty-five days after the investigation is reopened.
This section does not require the department to investigate reports of child abuse or neglect which resulted in the death of the child unless there are other children residing in the home, or a resident of the home is pregnant, or the subject of the report is the parent, guardian, or person responsible for the welfare of another child regardless of whether that child resides in the home.
(D) The department may file with the family court an affidavit and a petition to support issuance of a warrant at any time after receipt of a report. The family court shall must issue the warrant if the affidavit and petition establish probable cause to believe the child is an abused or neglected child and that the investigation cannot be completed without issuance of the warrant. The warrant may authorize the department to interview the child, to inspect the condition of the child, to inspect the premises where the child may be located or may reside, and to obtain copies of medical, school, or other records concerning the child.
(E) The department or law enforcement, or both, may interview the child alleged to have been abused or neglected and any other child in the household during the investigation. The interviews may be conducted on school premises, at day-care facilities, at the child's home, or at other suitable locations, and in the discretion of the department or law enforcement, or both, may be conducted outside the presence of the parents. To the extent reasonably possible, the needs and interests of the child must be accommodated in making arrangements for interviews, including time, place, method of obtaining the child's presence, and conduct of the interview. The department or law enforcement, or both, shall must provide notification of the interview to the parents as soon as reasonably possible during the investigation if notice will not jeopardize the safety of the child or the course of the investigation. All state, law enforcement, and community agencies providing child welfare intervention into in a child's life should coordinate their services to minimize the number of interviews of the child to reduce potential emotional trauma to the child.
(F) Reports of child abuse and neglect must be classified in the department's data system and records in one of three categories: Suspected, Unfounded, or Indicated. If the report is categorized as unfounded, the entry must further state the classification of unfounded reports as set forth in subsection (H). All initial reports must be considered suspected. Reports must be maintained in the category of suspected for no more than sixty days after the report was received by the department. By the end of the sixty-day time period, suspected reports must be classified as either unfounded or indicated pursuant to the agency's investigation.
(G)(1) Indicated findings must be based upon a finding of the facts available to the department that abuse or neglect is supported by there is a preponderance of evidence that the child is an abused or neglected child. Indicated findings must include a description of the services being provided the child and those responsible for the child's welfare, and all relevant dispositional information.
(2) If the family court makes a determination or the process described in Section 20-7-655 results in a determination that the indicated finding is not supported by a preponderance of evidence that there was any act of child abuse or neglect, the case classification must be converted to 'unfounded' and subsection (J) applies.
(3) If the family court makes a specific determination, or the process described in Section 20-7-655 results in a determination that there is not a preponderance of evidence that the person who was the subject of the report committed an act of child abuse or neglect, but that the child was abused or neglected by an unknown person, the department must maintain the case as an indicated case and access to records of the case may be granted as provided in Section 20-7-690. However, the department's data system and records must be amended so that they do not identify the person as a perpetrator of abuse or neglect. The department must grant access to the entire record, including information identifying the person as a perpetrator of abuse or neglect, if requested by any of the parties listed in items (1) through (8) of subsection (J) of this section.
(G)(H) All reports that are not indicated at the conclusion of the investigation and all records of information for which an investigation was not conducted pursuant to Section 20-7-510 must be classified as 'unfounded'. Unfounded reports must be further classified as either Category I, Category II, or Category III.
(1) Category I unfounded reports are those in which abuse and neglect were ruled out following the investigation. A report falls in this category if evidence of abuse or neglect as defined in this article was not found regardless of whether the family had other problems or was in need of services the investigation did not produce a preponderance of the evidence that the child is an abused or neglected child.
(2) Category II unfounded reports are those in which the evidence produced by the investigation was inconclusive as to whether abuse or neglect occurred. A report falls in this category if there is evidence of abuse or neglect as defined in this article but not enough evidence to constitute a preponderance of evidence. This category does not include cases in which the family had other problems that are not within the definition of abuse and neglect in Section 20-7-490.
(3)(2) Category III II unfounded reports are those in which an investigation could not be completed because the department was unable to locate the child or family or for some other compelling reason.
(3) Category III unfounded reports are records of information received pursuant to Section 20-7-510, but which were not investigated by the department.
(H) Reports of child abuse and neglect must be entered immediately into the department's centralized data system in one of four categories: Suspected, Unfounded, Indicated, or Affirmative Determination. If the report is categorized as unfounded, the entry must further state the classification of unfounded report as set forth in subsection (G). All initial reports must be considered suspected. Reports of suspected child abuse and neglect must be maintained for no more than sixty days after the report was received by the department. On or before the expiration of that time, reports must be converted into either unfounded or indicated reports pursuant to the agency's investigation. Upon an affirmative determination, indicated reports must be converted to the category of "affirmative determination".
(1) Indicated reports must be accompanied by a description of services being provided as required under subsection (F).
(2) Affirmative determinations must be accompanied by a description of services being provided the child and those responsible for his welfare and relevant dispositional information.
(I) The names, addresses, and all other identifying characteristics of persons named in all unfounded reports in Category I maintained in department files may be used only for auditing and statistical purposes. All identifying information contained in unfounded reports in Category I must be destroyed immediately after use of the information for auditing and statistical purposes, and in no case later than one year from the date that the last report has been determined to be unfounded; however, all information in the report which is unnecessary for auditing and statistical purposes must be destroyed immediately upon a determination that the report is unfounded, and the remaining information must be kept strictly confidential except for auditing and statistical purposes. If an unfounded report is in Category II or Category III, the report and related information may be retained by the department in its records for one year for use by department staff or law enforcement agencies in relation to child abuse and neglect investigations or proceedings involving the subject of the report or the same child. The department may not use the information in records or entries of Category II or III unfounded reports for any purpose other than child abuse and neglect proceedings involving the same subject or the same child and auditing and statistical purposes. Notwithstanding Section 20-7-690 or any other provision of law, no information contained in unfounded reports may be disclosed under any circumstances, except that:
(1) the confidentiality and disclosure provisions of this subsection do not apply to information requested by the Department of Child Fatalities pursuant to Section 20-7-5930; and the information pertaining to an unfounded case must be released to the Department of Child Fatalities when the request is made pursuant to Section 20-7-5930;
(2) information in records concerning Category II or III unfounded reports may be disclosed to a law enforcement agency investigating a child abuse or neglect case involving the subject of the report or the same child.
If an unfounded report is in Category I, only information necessary for auditing and statistical purposes may be retained in department records or in the database. As soon as the record has been used for auditing or statistical purposes, it must be destroyed. All identifying information must be deleted from the database immediately upon use of the entry for auditing or statistical purposes. In no case may the record or entry be kept for more than one year from the date that the report was determined to be unfounded. The department may not use the information contained in records or entries of Category I unfounded cases for any purpose other than auditing or statistical purposes. No information contained in the record or the database concerning a Category I unfounded case may be disclosed to any person or entity other than the Department of Child Fatalities pursuant to Section 20-7-5930.
(I) The Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect must not contain information from reports classified as unfounded.
(J) Upon an affirmative determination, the names, addresses, birth dates, identifying characteristics, and other information of persons named in indicated reports maintained in agency files must be converted immediately to the category of "affirmative determination". The names, addresses, birth dates, identifying characteristics, and other information unnecessary for auditing and statistical purposes or persons named in affirmative determinations of child abuse or neglect maintained in agency files must be destroyed seven years from the date services are terminated. Information concerning reports classified as unfounded contained in the statewide data system and records must be maintained for not less than five years after the finding. Access to use of information in unfounded cases is not subject to disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act as contained in Chapter 4, Title 30 and must be strictly limited to the following purposes and entities:
(1) a prosecutor or law enforcement officer or agency, for purposes of investigation of a suspected false report pursuant to Section 20-7-567;
(2) the department or a law enforcement officer or agency, for the purpose investigating allegations of abuse or neglect;
(3) the department or a law enforcement officer or agency, when information is received that allows the reopening of a Category II unfounded report pursuant to subsection (C) of this section;
(4) as evidence in a court proceeding, if otherwise admissible under the rules of evidence;
(5) a person who is the subject of a report in an action brought by a prosecutor or by the department, if otherwise subject to discovery under the applicable rules of procedure;
(6) the department, for program improvement, auditing, and statistical purposes;
(7) as authorized in Section 20-7-695; and
(8) the Department of Child Fatalities pursuant to Section 20-7-5930.
(K) Except as authorized in this section, no person may disseminate or permit dissemination of information maintained pursuant to subsections (G) and (J). A person who disseminates or permits dissemination in violation of this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, must be fined not more than one thousand five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. A person aggrieved by an unlawful dissemination in violation of this subsection may bring a civil action to recover damages incurred as a result of the unlawful act and to enjoin its dissemination or use.
Upon a determination that more likely than not, a person who is the subject of a report as defined in Section 20-7-490 did not commit child abuse or neglect, the name, address, birth date, and other identifying characteristics of that person must be purged immediately from the department's files. This provision does not prohibit the department from maintaining an "indicated report" which contains identifying information on the child who is the subject of the indicated report and those responsible for his welfare without identifying a subject of the report or providing child protective services to the child who is the subject of the indicated report and those responsible for the child's welfare.
(K)(L) At a hearing pursuant to Section 20-7-736 or 20-7-738, at which the court orders that a child be taken or retained in custody or finds that the child was abused or neglected, the court:
(1) must order that a person be entered in the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect if it the court finds that there is a preponderance of evidence that the person physically or sexually abused or wilfully or recklessly neglected the child. However, if the only form of physical abuse that is indicated is excessive corporal punishment, the court only may order that the person be entered in the Central Registry if item (2) applies;
(2) may order that the person be entered in the Central Registry if it the court finds that there is a preponderance of evidence that the person abused or neglected the child in any manner other than provided for in item (1) and that the nature and circumstances of the abuse indicate that the person would present a significant risk of committing physical or sexual abuse or wilful or reckless neglect if the person were in a position or setting outside of the person's home that involves care of or substantial contact with children.
(L)(M) The At the probable cause hearing, the court may order at the probable cause hearing that the person be entered in the Central Registry if there is sufficient evidence to support the findings required by subsection (K).
(M)(N) At any time following receipt of a report, the department may petition the family court for an order directing that the person named as perpetrator be entered in the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect. The petition must have attached a written case summary stating facts sufficient to establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the person named as perpetrator abused or neglected the child and that the nature and circumstances of the abuse indicate that the person named as perpetrator would present a significant risk of committing physical or sexual abuse or wilful or reckless neglect if placed in a position or setting outside of the person's home that involves care of or substantial contact with children. The department shall must serve a copy of the petition and summary on the person named as perpetrator. The petition shall must include a statement that the judge shall must rule based on the facts stated in the petition unless the clerk of court or the clerk's designee receives a written request for a hearing from the person named as perpetrator within five days after service of the petition. The name, address, and telephone number of the clerk of court or the clerk's designee must be stated in the petition. If the person named as perpetrator requests a hearing, the court shall must schedule a hearing on the merits of the allegations in the petition and summary to be held no later than five working days following the request.
(N)(O) The department must seek an order placing a person in the Central Registry pursuant to subsection (K), (L), or (M) in all cases in which the department concludes that there is a preponderance of evidence that the person committed sexual abuse.
(O)(P) The department is charged with providing, directing, or coordinating the appropriate and timely delivery of services to children found to be abused or neglected and those responsible for their welfare or others exercising temporary or permanent control over these children. Services must not be construed to include emergency protective custody provided for in Section 20-7-736.
(P)(Q) In cases where a person has been placed in the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect, the outcome of any further proceedings must be entered immediately by the department into the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect. If it is determined that a report is unfounded, the department must immediately purge information identifying that person as a perpetrator from the registry and from department records as provided in Section 20-7-680(D) and (E).
(Q)(R) The department must furnish to parents or guardians on a standardized form the following information as soon as reasonably possible after commencing the investigation:
(1) the names of the investigators;
(2) the allegations being investigated;
(3) whether the person's name has been recorded by the department as a suspected perpetrator of abuse or neglect;
(4) the right to inspect department records concerning the investigation;
(5) statutory and family court remedies available to complete the investigation and to protect the child if the parent or guardian or subject of the report indicates a refusal to cooperate;
(6) how information provided by the parent or guardian may be used;
(7) the possible outcomes of the investigation; and
(8) the telephone number and name of a department employee available to answer questions.
(R)(S) The department must cooperate with law enforcement agencies within the area it serves and establish procedures necessary to facilitate the referral of child protection cases to the department. Where the facts indicating abuse or neglect also appear to indicate a violation of criminal law, the department must notify the appropriate law enforcement agency of those facts within twenty-four hours of the department's finding for the purposes of police investigation. The law enforcement agency must file a formal incident report at the time it is notified by the department of the finding. When the intake report is of alleged sexual abuse, the department must notify the appropriate law enforcement agency within twenty-four hours of receipt of the report to determine if a joint investigation is necessary. The law enforcement agency must file a formal incident report at the time it is notified of the alleged sexual abuse. The law enforcement agency must provide to the department copies of incident reports generated in any case reported to law enforcement by the department and in any case in which the officer responsible for the case knows the department is involved with the family or the child. The law enforcement officer must make reasonable efforts to advise the department of significant developments in the case, such as disposition in summary court, referral of a juvenile to the Department of Juvenile Justice, arrest or detention, trial date, and disposition of charges. The department must include in its records copies of incident reports provided under this section and must record the disposition of charges.
(S)(T) The department actively must seek the cooperation and involvement of local public and private institutions, groups, and programs concerned with matters of child protection and welfare within the area it serves.
(T)(U) The local office of the department responsible for the county of the mother's legal residence must provide, direct, or coordinate the appropriate and timely delivery of services to children born of incarcerated mothers where no provision has been made for placement of the child outside the prison setting. Referral of these cases to the appropriate local office is the responsibility of the agency or institution having custody of the mother.
(U)(V) The In all instances, the agency in all instances must act in accordance with the policies, procedures, and regulations promulgated and distributed by the State Department of Social Services pursuant to this chapter."
SECTION 9. Section 20-7-655 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 20-7-655. (A) The Department of Social Services shall must provide a child protective services appeals process for review of indicated reports not otherwise being brought before the family court for disposition. The appeals hearing must be scheduled and conducted in accordance with the department's fair hearing regulations except as to the date for a final decision.
(B) The state director shall must appoint a child protective services appeals committee for each case decision which is appealed. The committee must be comprised of three officials or employees of the Department of Social Services, none of whom may be a resident of or employed by the department in the county where the case originates or a member of the investigative unit which investigated the case if the case decision being appealed involves institutional abuse.
(C) When the department determines that an appeal hearing is needed necessary pursuant to Section 20-7-690(J), it shall the department must provide notice of the availability of the hearing to the potential appellant by certified mail. The notice must inform the person of the right to appeal the case determination and the date and time of the appeal hearing. The notice must also advise the appellant of his rights as provided in the department's fair hearing regulations.
(D) If the department determines that a report of suspected child abuse or neglect is indicated and the case will not be brought before the family court for disposition, the department must provide notice of the case decision to the subject of the report by certified mail. The notice must inform the subject of the report of the right to appeal the case decision and that, if he intends to appeal the decision, he must notify the local child protection agency of his intent in writing within thirty days of receipt of the notice. If the subject of the report does not notify the department of his intent to appeal in writing within thirty days of receipt of the notice, the right to appeal is waived by the subject and the case decision becomes the affirmative determination.
(E) Within fourteen days after receipt of a notice of intent to appeal, an interim review of case documentation and the case determination must be conducted by an appropriate official of the department designated by the director. The interim review may not delay the scheduling of the appeals hearing.
(F) The child protective services appeals committee shall must determine whether or not the case determination is supported by a preponderance of evidence that the subject of the report abused or neglected the child. If the appeals committee affirms the case determination, the subject has the right to judicial review in the family court of the jurisdiction in which the case originated.
(G) Proceedings for judicial review may be instituted by filing a petition in the family court within thirty days after the final decision of the department. Copies of the petition must be served upon the department and all parties of record. Judicial review must be conducted by the family court in accordance with the standards of review provided for in Section 1-23-380. The court may enter judgment upon the pleadings and a certified transcript of the record which must include the evidence upon which the findings and decisions appealed are based. The judgment must include a determination of whether by a preponderance of evidence the subject of the report abused or neglected the child. The appellant is not entitled to a trial de novo in the family court.
(H) Upon a determination by the interim review, the appeals committee or the court that there is not a preponderance of evidence that the subject of the report abused or neglected a child as defined in Section 20-7-490, the name, address, birth date, and other identifying characteristics of that person must be purged immediately from the department's files and from the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect. This subsection does not prohibit the department or the registry from maintaining an `indicated report' which contains identifying information on the child who is the subject of the indicated report and those responsible for the child's welfare without identifying a subject of the report, and it does not prohibit the department from providing child protective services to the child who is the subject of an indicated report and those responsible for the child's welfare.
(I)(H) When the appeals procedure is used for institutional abuse cases investigated by the Department of Social Services, the investigative unit of the Department of Social Services must receive all notices and the case documentation review."
SECTION 10. Section 20-7-680 of the 1976 Code is amended to read:
"Section 20-7-680. (A) The purpose of this section is to establish a system for the identification of abused and neglected children and those who are responsible for their welfare, to provide a system for the coordination of reports concerning abused and neglected children, and to provide data for determining the incidence and prevalence of child abuse and neglect in this State. To further these purposes, the department must maintain one or more statewide data systems concerning cases reported to it pursuant to this article.
(B) The Department of Social Services must maintain a Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect within the department's child protective services unit in accordance with Sections 20-7-650, 20-7-670, and 17-25-135. Perpetrators of child abuse and neglect must be entered in the registry only by order of a court as provided for in Sections 20-7-650 and 17-25-135, or as provided for in Section 20-7-670. Each entry in the registry must be accompanied by information further identifying the person, including, but not limited to, the person's date of birth, address, and any other identifying characteristics, and describing the abuse or neglect committed by the person.
(C) The Department of Social Services shall must furnish annually to the Governor and the General Assembly a report on the incidence and prevalence of child abuse and neglect in South Carolina, the effectiveness of services provided throughout the State to protect children from this harm, and any other data considered instructive.
(D) The name, address, birth date, identifying characteristics, and other information of a person named in a report must be removed from department records and the central registry immediately upon a determination by the department or the court that the report is unfounded, except as provided in Section 20-7-650(I). The Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect must not contain information from reports classified as unfounded. Other department records and databases must treat unfounded cases as provided for in Section 20-7-650.
(E) The names, addresses, birth dates, identifying characteristics, and other information unnecessary for auditing and statistical purposes of persons named in the registry or department records other than the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect must be destroyed seven years from the date services are terminated. This section does not prohibit the department from maintaining an 'indicated report' which contains identifying information on the child who is the subject of the indicated report and those responsible for the child's welfare without identifying a person as perpetrator, and it does not prohibit the department from providing child protective services to the child who is the subject of an indicated report and those responsible for the child's welfare.
(F) Information in the central registry and other department records may be released only as authorized in Section 20-7-690 or as otherwise specifically authorized by statute. Information in records of the department other than the Central Registry of Child Abuse and Neglect must not be used for screening potential employees or volunteers of any public or private entity, except as specifically provided by Section 20-7-690 or as otherwise provided by statute. However, nothing in this section prevents the department from using other information in its records when making decisions associated with administration or delivery of the department's programs and services."
SECTION 11. The provisions of this act amending Sections 20-7-510, 20-7-650, 20-7-655, and 20-7-680 take effect upon approval by the Governor.
SECTION 12. This act takes effect July 1, 2002, and applies to actions filed in family court on or after that date.
This web page was last updated on Thursday, June 25, 2009 at 2:15 P.M.